{"id":7452,"date":"2018-04-16T14:45:57","date_gmt":"2018-04-16T12:45:57","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/registrare-marchio.com\/nuovo\/?p=7452"},"modified":"2018-06-10T18:47:21","modified_gmt":"2018-06-10T16:47:21","slug":"patronymic-trademark-homonymy-and-e-distinctiveness","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/registrare-marchio.com\/en\/patronymic-trademark-homonymy-and-e-distinctiveness\/","title":{"rendered":"Patronymic trademark: the distinctiveness in cases of homonymy"},"content":{"rendered":"

The patronymic trademark<\/strong> is the trademark consisting of the name and surname or only of the surname (es. Alberta Ferretti, Fendi).
\nIf you want to learn more about brand names, we recommend reading \u201cTypes of trademark: definitions and characteristics<\/strong><\/a>\u201d.<\/p>\n

Patronymic trademark: the distinctiveness in cases of homonymy
\nAccording to the case-law, in the judgement of comparison between two marks, it is attributed more weight to the surname than to the other elements forming the marks. Normally, the word or words of the patronymic constitute the heart of the brand.<\/p>\n

Let\u2019s see some specific cases ruled by the Italian Corte di Cassazione.<\/p>\n

The Italian \u201cCorte di Cassazione\u201d has repeatedly stated that:<\/p>\n

\u201cIn the event of a patronymic mark, the adding of some further elements is not sufficient, in itself, to confer the second mark containing the same surname the requisite of novelty-distinguishability<\/strong><\/a>. It has been so affirmed the illegitimacy of the same surname as a trademark, even if accompanied by further elements, provided that the subsequent patronymic mark is used in the same class of the earlier patronymic mark\u201d<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

(Cass.22.04.2003 n.6426, Cass.26.08.2004 n.17004; Cass.29.12.2011 n.29879, Cass.14.03.2014 n.6021; Cass.04.02.2016 n.2191).<\/p>\n

This principle, however, should not be considered always and necessarily valid in presence of trademarks made by other elements (verbal of figurative) in addition to the patronymic.<\/p>\n

Let\u2019s see why by examining some judgments about it:<\/p>\n

Patronymic trademark: the case Coccoli<\/span><\/h2>\n

The first section of the Italian \u201cCorte di Cassazione\u201d (judgment n.22033\/2016, published on October 31, 2016) highlights how, even in the presence of patronymic marks, it is necessary to take into consideration all the circumstances of a matter, and concluded that the Court of Appeal of the case in exam did not err in denying the similarity of marks. More specifically, the Court of Appeal denied the counterfeiting of the patronymic trademark \u201csocks Coccoli<\/em>\u201d (where \u201ccoccoli\u201d was the surname of the founder of the eponymous company) by the trademark \u201cCoccoli di Melby<\/em>\u201d because it considered that<\/p>\n

\u201cthe heart of the trademark was not identified by the patronymic \u201cCoccoli<\/em>\u201d, since, in effect, the trademark was composed of two words, \u201csocks<\/em>\u201d and \u201cCoccoli<\/em>\u201d, placed in a circle whose center was the head of a Breton dog, and the term \u201ccoccoli<\/em>\u201d was generic\u2026so that the peculiarity of the trademark could be identified with the combination of \u201csocks<\/em>\u201d and the image of softness and comfort that was recalled by the animal\u2019s design\u2026\u201d.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

The \u201cCorte di Cassazione\u201d underlines, therefore, as the Court of Appeal has enhanced the actual peculiarities of the case, considering that<\/p>\n

\u201cthe difference in the second trademark, namely the word \u201cof Melby\u201d, far from being a secondary element, had a substantial connotative attitude, as highlighted a fanciful and imaginative tract absent in the other mark, suggesting that the \u201ccoccoli\u201d, namely children \u2013 referring the trademark \u201cCoccoli di Melby\u201d to a clothing line for children-infants \u2013 came from or belonged to a fairytale place, or identify themselves with a fabulous character, element, the latter, accentuated by the graphic representation of the word \u201cMelby\u201d in colourful letters on background in bright colors\u201d.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

In conclusion, the opinion of the Court of Appeal is that the trademarks could not be considered similar.<\/p>\n

Patronymic trademark in the wine field: the case Castella<\/span><\/h2>\n

The first section of the Italian Civil Court of Cassation, with judgment n.2191 issued on February 4, 2016, upheld the judgment of the Court of Appeal of Turin n.544\/2010 of April 19 2010, which affirmed the principle \u2013 with regard to trademarks in the field of wine \u2013 according to which<\/p>\n

\u201cthe use of a mark distinguished by a surname identical to the surname of an earlier trademark, but accompanied by a different first name and by the depiction of the Langhe\u2019s hills, is not susceptible to integrate counterfeiting of the earlier mark having identical surname but different first name.\u201d<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

In this case, Ms. Claudia Castella, owner of an Italian trademark \u201cCastella<\/em>\u201d, filed on May 5, 2003 to distinguish wines, had sued Mr. Renzo Castella for the use of the mark \u201cRenzo Castella<\/em>\u201d, also used to distinguish wines. The writ of summons was based on the identity of the two surnames and on the fact that, according to well-established case law, the dominant distinctive element of the patronymic trademarks should be found in the surname.<\/p>\n

While the Court of Turin accepted the instance proposed by Ms.Castella, the Court of Appeal of Turin rejected it.<\/p>\n

The Court of Cassation considered that the Court of Appeal did not disregard the principle that the heart of the patronymic trademarks is in the surname, but at the same time valued the case in a concrete way and has considered groundless the infringement of Ms. Castella\u2019s trademark because Mr. Renzo Castella<\/p>\n

\u201cused the surname \u201cCastella\u201d preceded by the first name \u201cRenzo\u201d and accompanied by the depiction \u2013 completely absent in the earlier trademark owned by Ms. Castella \u2013 of the Langhe hills\u201d.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

The Court of Cassation noted that the Court of Appeal stated<\/p>\n

\u201cby citing as examples several cases occurred in the same area of Alba, in which you find both party\u2019s productions of wine \u2013 that in the specific field of wine is frequent the presence of companies which commercialize the same products, belonging to subjects which have almost the same surname and which use their surname as company name or trademark. So, having \u2013 in the specific sector in question \u2013 the surname less distinctive value, the addition of the first name to the surname, especially if accompanied by other descriptive elements (such as, in this case, the Langhe hills), is sufficient to exclude the confusion of the distinctive signs of different companies\u201d.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

The Court of Cassation held that the Court of Appeal did not incur in the lack of reasoning and, therefore, confirmed the judgment given by the Court of Appeal of Turin.<\/p>\n

As you can deduce from the above, the interpretation of the jurisprudence in specific cases can overturn the basic principles. We therefore suggest you to always consult a professional in IP sector who can suggest you possible scenarios for your needs and problems.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Eva Troiani law firm<\/strong><\/a> is at your disposal for any kind of advice. Contact us for any information!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

In cases of homonymy of patronymic trademarks (namely trademarks consisting of name and surname or only surname) the other elements constituting the trademark can become decisive. We mention some judgments about it.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":7860,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[106],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7452","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-case-law-and-trademark"],"yoast_head":"\nPatronymic trademark: the distinctiveness in cases of homonymy - Registrare Marchio<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"In cases of homonymy of patronymic trademarks (namely trademarks consisting of name and surname or only surname) the other elements constituting the trademark can become decisive. 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